Although this answer is subject to the actual terms of your policy, which you may wish to review with an attorney, typically a renter's insurance policy does protect your possessions against fire.

The part of your policy covering this will likely be a paragraph covering various forms of damage, including theft and vandalism. Again, I recommend checking your policy documents for this provision. You then can be fully informed when you contact your insurance company for coverage.

Note that I said the insurance policy likely covers your "possessions." It is unlikely--although possible--that you purchased a renter's policy that covers the dwelling unit. If not, any damage sustained to the actual unit (walls, floor, cabinetry, etc.) would not be covered. One would hope, however, that the landlord has a property owner's policy to cover fire damage to the unit.

Be sure to always have and test fire-safety devices, including smoke detectors and fire extinguishers. An insurance policy may very well deny coverage for failure to have such devices.